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Record W7047959746

Improved drug activity in high-content screening of the microtubule network

2016· dissertation· en· W7047959746 on OpenAlexfundno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueeScholarship@McGill (McGill) · 2016
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicSuperconducting and THz Device Technology
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersKing Abdulaziz City for Science and TechnologyMcGill University
KeywordsHigh-content screeningAutomationMicrotubuleDrug discoveryDrugRegion of interestCell
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

High-Content Screening (HCS) is a technology based on the automation of fluorescence microscopy, to screen and analyze the spatial and morphological properties of individual cells.This automation has made it possible to acquire, process, and archive tens of millions of cell images, and hundreds of compounds at a time, facilitating drug discovery.Although the large number of test compounds and cells has advantages, it removes the possibility of human inspection and so relies on quantitative analytical approaches.Much of current practice, however, does not take full advantage of the information-rich content of HCS screens and instead relies on measurement and analysis methods developed for High-Throughput Screens (HTS) which generate only one output per well (brightness) and which are unable to detect treatments which affect only a subpopulation of cells.Interest in cell subpopulations (heterogeneity) has been gaining interest lately especially in cancer cells and with the advent of single cell sequencing.This has put forward a need for evaluating a summary statistic that is sensitive to subpopulations and hence could possibly classify drug effects more accurately.Another issue in HCS is the lack of metrics for characterizing biologically-relevant phenotypes beyond changes in brightness.This is especially true in the case of the microtubule structure where texture measures are abundant but hard to interpret.Here we evaluate a family of metrics that quantify measures that are directly related to microtubule structures, such as number of branch points of fibers, potentially offering insights concerning biological mechanisms. IIIIn this study, the aim is to examine the morphology of cells treated with compounds with well-known effects on cells and in particular, on the fibrous microtubule structure, in a data set of thousands of confocal microscope images of HeLa cells.First, the performances of 14 fiber-specific metrics will be assessed in distinguishing between active and inactive compounds in both lysed and non-lysed cells.Second we present Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves as an alternative estimate of treatment effect that is potentially more sensitive to cell subpopulations than standard summary statistics.Our results show that both ROC curves and the tested fiber morphology metrics are interpretable, and provide a basis for determining active compounds under different conditions.They also outperform the standard mean fluorescence of cells in distinguishing between drug-treated and control cells, providing a relevant biological framework in which hypotheses may be developed.IV ABRÉGÉ Le criblage cellulaire de haute densité (HCS, High-Content Screening) est une technologie basée sur l'automatisation de la microscopie par fluorescence.Elle est utilisée notamment pour analyser les propriétés spatiales et morphologiques de cellules individuelles.Cette automatisation a rendu possible l'acquisition, le traitement, et l'archivage de dizaines de millions d'images de cellules, et de centaines de composés à la fois.Ceci facilite la découverte et le développement de médicaments.Même si l'existence de nombreux composés et cellules tests à des avantages, cela ne permet pas l'inspection sur des humains, et repose sur des approches d'analyses quantitatives.Une grande partie de la pratique courante, en revanche, ne profite pas complètement du contenu riche en information du criblage HCS, mais repose plutôt sur des mesures et méthodes d'analyse développées pour le criblage haut débit (HTS, High-Throughput Screens).Celles-ci génèrent un seul résultat par puit (luminosité) et ne détectent pas les traitements affectant seulement une souspopulation de cellules.L'intérêt pour les sous-populations de cellules (hétérogénéité) a augmenté récemment, en particulier pour les cellules cancéreuses et avec l'avancée du séquençage de cellules isolées.Ceci a mis en lumière la nécessité d'évaluer une statistique synthétique sensible aux sous-populations de cellules, et pouvant ainsi classifier l'effet thérapeutique des composés de manière plus précise.Un autre problème en HCS est l'absence de métrique pour caractériser des phénotypes biologiquement pertinents au-delà des changements de luminosité.Ceci est V particulièrement vrai dans le cas des structures de microtubules, pour lesquelles de nombreuses mesures de texture existent mais sont difficiles à interpréter.Dans cette étude, nous évaluons une famille de métriques qui quantifient des mesures qui sont directement reliées aux structures des microtubules, comme le nombre de points d'intersection des fibres, qui donnent potentiellement un aperçu de certains mécanismes biologiques.Notre objectif est d'examiner la morphologie de cellules traitées avec des composés ayant des effets bien connus, en particulier sur les structures des microtubules fibreuses.Nous analysons une base de données composée de milliers d'images de microscope confocal de cellules HeLa.Premièrement, les performances de 14 mesures spécifiques aux fibres seront évaluées en distinguant entre composés actifs et inactifs dans des cellules lysées et non lysées.Deuxièmement, nous présentons la fonction d'efficacité du récepteur (FER) comme une estimation alternative de l'effet du traitement plus sensible aux sous-populations que les statistiques synthétiques.Nos résultats montrent que les statistiques synthétiques des sous-populations ainsi que les métriques de morphologie des fibres testées sont interprétables, et fournissent une base pour déterminer quels sont les composés actifs dans différentes conditions.Ces mesures ont aussi une meilleure performance que les mesures standards de la fluorescence moyenne pour distinguer les cellules traitées des cellules contrôles.Ceci fournit un cadre biologique pertinent au sein duquel des hypothèses peuvent être développées.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.002
Threshold uncertainty score0.006

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.017
GPT teacher head0.227
Teacher spread0.211 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2016
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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