Individual phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of commercial and wild vegetative parts of Fragaria vesca L.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fragaria vesca L. (Rosaceae), wild strawberry, is widely spread across the Iberian Peninsula and can be also found in Korea, Japan, North America and Canada. Usually it grows in forests, slopes and roadsides (1). The leaves are traditionally used as tonic, stimulant and diuretic, described are also antiseptic, anti-dysenteric and detoxifying properties; the decoction is also used for hypertension [2, 3). The bioactive properties of Fragaria have been associated with the presence of ellagic acid, procyanidins and flavonols, as previously described for leaves of F. chiloensis spp. chiloensis [4]. As far as known, there are no reports on the phenolic profile of vegetative parts of F. vesca. Therefore the phenolic profile and the antioxidant potential were studied with hydro-methanolic and aqueous extracts of vegetative parts of cultivated and wild grown F. vesca. Both samples contained ellagic acid derivatives and sanguiin H-10 isomer as the major compound, followed by a procyanidin trimer and quercetin rhamnoside in cultivated and wild grown plant material, respectively. The cultivated plant material showed higher DDPH scavenging activity (EC50= 39.33 J.lg/ml) and had more total phenolic compounds (TPC) (58.73 mg/g) than the wild grown sample. The antioxidant capacity of the cultivated plant material (especially reducing power and [3- carotene bleaching inhibition) showed high correlation with the content of total ellagic acid derivatives (TED), total flavonols (TF), total flavan 3-ol (TF30) and TPC. In contrast, wild grown sample infusions showed higher reducing power, [3-carotene bleaching inhibition and TBARS inhibition (EC50= 62.23, 12.34 and 3.12 J..lg/ml, respectively}; reducing power showed high correlation with TF and TF30, and TBARS assay with TED and TF. Data obtained show a great antioxidant potential of vegetative parts from wild growing strawberry, which might be a new source of bioactive compounds for food and pharmaceutical applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".