Le lien entre la performance ESG et la performance financière pendant la crise de la Covid-19 : le cas des entreprises canadiennes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
L’objectif de cette étude est de vérifier si les entreprises canadiennes ayant une meilleure performance socio-environnementale, environnementale et sociale (ESG), mesurée par la notation ESG calculée par l’agence S&P, ont obtenu une meilleure performance financière, mesurée par le rendement du cours des actions à la bourse et le retour sur actifs (en anglais return on assets - ROA), pendant la période qui s’étale du 1er janvier 2020 au 31 décembre 2021 (954 observations entreprise/année) et il couvre donc la crise de la COVID-19. Les résultats obtenus montrent un lien positif entre la performance ESG et la performance financière des entreprises, surtout pendant le cycle haussier du marché observé à la fin 2020 sur le cours de l’indice S&P/ TSX. Au contraire, le lien entre la performance ESG et la performance financière n’était pas significatif au moment où le marché a connu sa pire baisse, à la fin du premier trimestre 2020. _____________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : performance ESG, performance financière, COVID-19, Canada
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".