Relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression and response to radiation regimens in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common infiltrative astrocytic primary brain malignancy remains an incurable disease, despite a multimodal therapy that consists of surgery followed by radiotherapy (RT) with concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy (TMZ).GBM is a devastating disease with a highly heterogeneous survival between patients.A number of recent large-scale genomic and proteomic studies have shed new light on GBM pathogenesis and molecular diversity.Nonetheless, all patients receive the same treatment of surgery, RT and TMZ.A multitude of targeted therapies have so far failed to demonstrate any survival differences in GBM patients.While certain markers, such as MGMT methylation with respect to TMZ treatment, have been found to confer different survival outcomes between patients, there is a need to further stratify patients to investigate optimal treatment regimes.To this end, we constructed a tissue microarray (TMA) for 201 newly diagnosed GBM patients from a single institution, recorded their histopathological and clinical information and assessed expression of major GBM prognostic markers including Ki67, EGFR, p53, PTEN, CD44, and vimentin.MGMT promoter methylation has been prospectively performed for 143 (71.1%) patients.We analyzed survival outcomes between patients with EGFR overexpression and nonoverexpression.EGFR is known to be involved in the radioresistant phenotype of GBM and activated by RT.Since EGFR overexpression has been found to confer different survival and treatment benefits in GBM and other cancer types, we investigated the different survival outcomes between conventional RT and hypofractionated regimens.We also subdivided tumours into profiles reminiscent of three of the identified molecular based subtypes (Classical, Mesenchymal, Proneural) using immunohistochemistry scoring and analyzed the survival outcomes based on molecular profiles.Further investigation is currently underway to assess the prognostic value of EGFR overexpression in radioresistance with respect to other clinical and histopathological variables.Our study established a TMA with a clinically annotated database for 201 newly diagnosed GBM patients.This will be of great value for stratification of GBM patients who may derive benefit from a tailored radiation regimen using cost-effective protocols for the implementation of an immunohistochemical-based molecular signature.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it