Proud Voices : an Analysis of First Nation Oppostiion to the Northern Gateway Pipeline Project
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis examines dynamics between indigenous populations and modern industrial development by examining sociocultural impacts that development of the Enbridge Northern Gateway Project (ENGP) poses to First Nations. The ENGP proposes construction of two parallel pipelines from Alberta, Canada to the coast of British Columbia, Canada, through traditional territories of many First Nations. Most First Nations along the pipeline route maintain core aspects of their traditional subsistence culture. Reliance on renewable natural resources makes subsistence cultures informed and resilient when confronting natural disasters. However, the ENGP introduces ecological hazards which are socioculturally foreign to the First Nations, namely threats of an environmental disaster from an oil spill. As part of the Canadian government's evaluation of the ENGP, a Joint Review Panel (JRP) was tasked with evaluating potential impacts posed by the project. Part of this evaluation process involved hearings at which First Nations offered their perspectives on the project, primarily how the ENGP would affect their way of life. Using transcriptions of these testimonies as data, common discursive themes used by First Nations were determined and used to understand the sociocultural impacts of the ENGP as they are perceived by the First Nations. Three First Nations bands are examined: the Gitga'at of Hartley Bay, British Columbia, Canada, and the Lake Babine and Wet'suwet'en of Burns Lake, British Columbia, Canada. Theme usage is compared and contrasted between groups. Differences in narrative theme usage are observed between groups, which are attributed to bioregional differences and varying experiences in sociocultural history. While both groups unanimously opposed the ENGP and had similar proportions of theme use, the Gitga'at were more explicit in their discussions of threats to resources, and the Lake Babine and Wet'suwet'en were more emphatic on issues of sovereignty.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.034 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".