San Juan National Forest botanical survey of fens

Deschampsia cespitosa 78 Carex aquatilis 77 Pedicularis groenlandica 77 Psychrophila leptosepala 74 Clementsia rhodantha 72Other common species, with more than 30 occurrences, were: Salix planifolia 55 Veratrum tenuipetalum 54 Calamagrostis canadensis 54 Carex utriculata 52 Phleum commutatum 51 Eleocharis quinqueflora 49 Swertia perennis 49 Eriophorum angustifolium 48 Senecio triangularis 46 Carex nova 42 Conioselinum scopulorum 41 Epilobium hornemannii 39 Carex saxatilis 38 Bistorta bistortoides 36 Carex illota 33 Veronica nutans 32The most frequent genus, Carex, was represented by 39 species.The top six families encountered were: Family Number of Genera Cyperaceae 39 Asteraceae 29 Poaceae 19 Scrophulariaceae 12 Juncaceae 9 Rosaceae 8Two discoveries were especially noteworthy: Utricularia intermedia was found at three fens near Lizard Head, numbers D101, 102 and 127.This species is new to Colorado, and will be tracked as a state rare (S1) species by CNHP.Drosera anglica was found by Forest Service personnel at Fen C0919 near Purgatory.This is the first occurrence of this species documented in Colorado.Both of these carnivorous plants have a broad distribution but are confined to very specific habitats.Utricularia intermedia occurs throughout Canada and the western and northern US.It is ranked S1 (critically imperiled) in Montana, Wyoming and Utah.Drosera anglica is known from Canada, Alaska and several northern states, including Wyoming, Montana and California, where it is ranked S2 (imperiled).Eleven new element occurrence records were submitted to CNHP for inclusion in the data system.They were:Carex limosa update Andrews Lake area, fen C0254 Carex viridula update Andrews Lake area, fen C0254 Carex limosa, Molas Pass, fen C0261 Woodsia neomexicana, Vallecito Reservoir, (on the way to fens) Eriophorum altaicum, Grindstone Lake, fen D002 (update, not found in 2006, present in 2001) Utricularia minor, Grindstone Lake area, fen D017 Utricularia minor, Grindstone Lake area, fen D025 Eriophorum altaicum, Highline Trail, fen C0878 Drosera anglica, Purgatory, fen C0919 Utricularia intermedia, Lizard Head area, fens D101, 102, 127 Carex buxbaumii herbaceous vegetation, Andrews Lake area, fen C0252 PC-Ord Indicator Species Analysis was used to calculate an importance value and associated p-value (Monte Carlo test) for each species in 89 of the sampled fens (those with recorded elevation).These values were used to identify the most important species that characterized four elevational classes (11,000´ -11,400´ [36 fens]; 10,750´ -11,099´ [36 fens]; 10,394´ -10,749´ [11 fens] and below 10,393´ [6 fens]).Indicator values were calculated by combining relative abundance (proportional abundance of a particular species in a particular group relative to the abundance of that species in all groups) and relative frequency (proportional frequency of the species in each group) following the method of Dufrene and Legendre (1997).Indicator species analysis revealed some overlap in species composition and importance within higher elevation fens: Deschampsia cespitosa, Psychrophila leptosepala, Clementsia rhodantha, and Pedicularis groenlandica, (Table 1 a, b, and c).Indicator species of fens over 11,000´also included Podagrostis thurberiana, Carex illota, and Carex nova (Table 1a).Fens at 10,750´ -11,099´ elevation had just one unique indicator, Salix planifolia (Table 1b).Fens at 10,394´ -10,749´ elevation also had just one unique indicator species, Carex microptera (Table 1c).Fens below 10,393´ elevation had many unique indicators including the exotic Cirsium arvense (Table 1d).Table 1.Indicator species analysis for each of four elevation ranges.Species IV p-value a) Fens at 11,000´-11,400´ elevation Pedicularis groenlandica 0.001 Podagrostis thurberiana 0.006 Carex illota 0.026 Deschampsia cespitosa 0.002 Carex nova 0.04 Psychrophila leptosepala 0.008 Clementsia rhodantha 0.013 b) Fens at 10,750´ -11,099´ elevation Salix planifolia 0.039 Clementsia rhodantha 0.013 Psychrophila leptosepala 0.008 Pedicularis groenlandica 0.001 Deschampsia cespitosa 0.002 c) Fens at 10,394´ -10,749´ elevation Carex microptera 0.007 Deschampsia cespitosa 0.002 Clementsia rhodantha 0.013 Psychrophila leptosepala 0.008 d) Fens below 10,393´ elevation Hippochaete hyemalis 0.001 Cirsium arvense 0.001 Calamagrostis canadensis 0.008 Carex utriculata 0.023 Galium trifidum 0.005 Mentha arvensis 0.007 Geranium richardsonii 0.008 Salix lasiandra 0.008 Scutellaria galericulata 0.008 Fragaria virginiana 0.016 Viola adunca 0.025Individual reports with photographs and species lists for each fen are arranged alphabetically by fen number.The first letter of each fen identifies the ranger district, D for Dolores, C for Columbine and P for Pagosa.Fens that were found during this survey that had not previously been identified are given the intials of the surveyor, e.g.MR 1 for Marian Rohman.For the convenience of locating fens by area, they are also listed below by district and general area.Ranger District General Location Fen number Page Dolores Grindstone Lake area C0879 34 C0882 35 Vallecito Reservoir area

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