Seedbed micro-sites and their role in post-fire succession \nof the lichen-black spruce woodland \nin Terra Nova National Park, Newfoundland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Effects of a recent wildfire in the lichen-black spruce woodland in Terra Nova \nNational Park, Newfoundland, were investigated to determine the interaction between fire \nintensity and fire severity; plus effects on forest-floor disturbance, on canopy seed banks, \nand on black spruce regeneration. As there was much exposed mineral soil from ant \nactivity on this site, the potential for enhanced post-fire black spruce recruitment due to \nants was also investigated. A seeding trial considered four potential seedbeds available: \nareas of high severity; areas of low severity; active ant nests; and abandoned ant nests. In \naddition, the amount and distribution of seed rain in the burned area was measured in an \nattempt to assess factors that affect the pattern and success of black spruce recruitment \nfollowing fire. Duff depths were reduced by fire by as much as 50% while lichen depth \nby up to 88%. Ant nests occurred at a density of 6.15 per 100m² in the burned areas \ncompared to 2 per 100m² in the unburned forest. Black spruce seed-fall, while low at 16 539 seeds per ha in the year following the fire, was sufficient for re-establishing the lowdensity \nlichen woodland community at an initial density of 524 seedlings per ha by 2003. \nHowever, a mean cone removal of 52% by non-native red squirrels may be limiting the \nestablishment of a higher-density forest. Available seedbed was limited by the extensive \ncaribou-lichen mat, but over 40% of successful black spruce seedlings in the seeding trial \ngerminated in this substrate, compared with 33% for inactive ant nests and 26% for high \nseverity bum. Seedlings were most likely to become established and survive in \ndesiccation fractures in the lichen mat. The presence of abandoned ant nests did result in \ngermination, but did not necessarily result in establishment as seedling survival was \nreduced from 89% to 44% after winter. Seedling mortality on scorched organic soil \nsubstrate under former spruce canopies was highest at 71 %. Active ant nests produced no \ngerminants in the trial and were the least suitable for germination. Drier and warmer than \nnormal conditions in 2003, resulting in soil moisture deficits, appeared to be the main \nlimiting factor for black spruce germination and survival. The next several years will be \ncritical for subsequent black spruce germination and survival and in determining if reestablishment \nof the recently burned lichen woodland in TNNP will be successful.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".