'They shall not pass' : evictions and the Toronto unemployed movement, 1932-1936
Bibliographic record
Abstract
How do we understand class?How is it made and why is it an important category of analysis?Such questions frame how we approach the study of workers, of course, but they also define the politics of interpretation.Do we actually hold to the axiom that all history is, indeed, "the history of class struggles," or is this singular maxim too brutally simplistic to animate research and writing in our theoretically sophisticated times? 1 What follows -a brief discussion of eviction protests in the Toronto unemployed movement of the 1930s -is premised on a particular understanding of class, one that widens appreciation of the fundamental, defining feature of what constitutes the working class and, in the process, returns us to understandings of class relations that necessarily accent class struggle.The point of origin of all class formation has always been, and remains, dispossession.It is dispossession, not one mark of its realization, the wage relation, that brings class into being.2 An appreciation of dispossession, and of how this is often lived out as wagelessness, brings us into direct encounter with just how capitalism, and its inevitable periodic crises, produce as much destruction as production, as much precariousness as stability, as much unemployment as employment.This allows an expansive approach to class struggle that connects the separations, so convenient for capitalist continuity, of production/reproduction, public/private, waged/unwaged, strained divisions that help to reproduce a global differentiation of metropole/hinterland, Empire/colony, North/South, developed/underdeveloped.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.034 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".