Effects of Laccaria proxima and fibrous pulp wastes on the growth of container-grown conifers / by De-wei Li
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nine conifer species, Japanese larch {Larix \nkaempferi), white spruce (Picea glauca) , black spruce (P. \nmariana), red spruce (P. rubens), jack pine (Pinus \nbanksiana), mugo pine (P. mugo), red pine (P. \nresinosa),Japanese black pine (P. thunbergii) and Douglasfir \n(Psevdotsuga menziesii var menziesii), were tested to \ndetermine the effective host range of the ectomycorrhizal \nfungus Laccaria proxima and the possibility of utilizing \npulp waste as potting medium for containerized seedling \nproduction. L. proxima significantly improved the growth of \ncontainer grown jack pine, mugo pine, black spruce, red \nspruce and Douglas-fir, improved the growth of Japanese \nblack pine and white spruce and slightly improved the growth \nof red pine and Japanese larch. Rye grain spawn inoculum was \nused for mycorrhizal establishment on jack pine seedlings. \nPulp waste (33% by volume) usually had negative effects on \ntree seedlings except for Japanese black pine (positive) and \nDouglas-fir (no significant effect). The interactions of L. \nproxima and pulp waste varied with host tree species, but \nwere significantly positive (P < 0.01) for jack pine and \nblack spruce, and nearly significant for red spruce (P < \n0.08) . Negative effects were found with Japanese black pine. \nUp to 8% pulp waste by volume without mycorrhiza \nimproved the growth of jack pine seedlings over the \ncontrols, but over 8% pulp waste hindered jack pine seedling \ngrowth. Ten to 30% of pulp waste was effectively utilized in \njack pine seedling production in association with L. \nproxima. Pulp waste with malt extract amendment was used as \na spawn medium. Pulp waste in seedling production of black \nspruce, mugo pine, red spruce and Douglas-fir in association \nwith Ii. proxima and of Japanese black pine without is \nfeasible, but further research is needed to find out the \noptimal percentage of pulp waste which can be utilized in \nseedling production for most tree species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".