Marketing research of the market of drugs for the treatment of hepatobiliary system diseases in Ukraine during the covid-19 pandemic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, doctors around the world, including Ukraine, have seen an increase in liver disease, which, incidentally, leads to complications of coronavirus infection. This can be both acute liver damage by the virus itself and hepatotoxic effects of medicines used in COVID-19. The treatment of liver and biliary tract diseases remains an urgent task for Ukraine, given the epidemic situation that exists today in the country. The purpose of our research was to study the range of drugs for the treatment of liver and biliary tract diseases registered in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The data of information resources, such as the State Register of Drugs, Compendium of Drugs, etc., which have been generalized by means of marketing methods, structural, statistical, and graphic analyzes, are used in the work. Results and discussion. A special place in the treatment of hepatobiliary pathology is occupied by medicines that belong to the group of hepatoprotectors. There are several classifications of hepatoprotectors. For example, SV Okovytyi proposes to divide hepatoprotectors by origin. According to the classification proposed by ON Minushkin, LV Maslovskyi, AA Bukshuk hepatoprotectors are divided by mechanism of action. Thus hepatoprotectors can be of plant or animal origin, medicines that contain amino acids and essential phospholipids, medicines of synthetic origin. We have analyzed the Ukrainian market of hepatoprotective medicines. The analysis was performed in group A05 "Bile and liver therapy" (according to the ATC classification). Data are for September 2021. Both imported and domestic drugs are represented in the Ukrainian market. A total of 73 trade names of hepatoprotectors have been registered so far. The first place in the number of names of medicines for the treatment of hepatobiliary system diseases, which are on the market of Ukraine, is occupied by Germany, the second - India, and the third - Czech Republic and Canada. In general, hepatoprotective medicines from 16 countries are present on the Ukrainian market. The first place in prevalence is occupied by medicines of plant origin. Second place take ursodeoxycholic acid preparations, and in third place are preparations of essential phospholipids. Solid dosage forms for oral administration (tablets, capsules, granules) occupy more than half of the market of hepatoprotective medicinal products in Ukraine. Most hepatoprotective drugs are over-the-counter. Conclusions. Given the state of treatment of hepatobiliary system diseases, which has not lost its relevance during the COVID-19 pandemic, the situation in the pharmaceutical market in terms of range of hepatoprotectors registered in Ukraine has been analyzed. It is demonstrated that hepatoprotective drugs are widely represented in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine. The market is saturated with original and generic drugs, medicines of both imported and domestic production are presented; both prescription and over-the-counter drugs in various dosage forms are available. Keywords: hepatobiliary system, liver disease, hepatoprotectors, market analysis DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5761206
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".