Patterns of solar ultraviolet radiation exposures and melanoma risk in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is established as the primary cause of cutaneous melanoma. It has been hypothesized that moderate time in the sun and intermittent sun exposure increases the risk of melanoma, while chronic sun exposure has no association or may even decrease the risk of melanoma. The aim of this thesis is to examine the relationship between average time in the sun, sun exposure patterns, residential ambient UVR, and occupational UVR exposure and melanoma risk in Canada. A prospective cohort study, the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow’s Health, collected self-reported questionnaire data on sun exposure, occupational history, and other melanoma risk factors for three provincial cohorts (Alberta, Ontario, and Quebec). Individuals from the cohorts were linked to cancer registries or administrative datasets to identify melanoma cases. Average time in the sun and residential ambient UVR exposures were investigated using a cohort methodology, while a case-cohort design was utilized to assess occupational solar exposure and risk of melanoma. For assessing occupational solar exposure, an individual’s longest job held was coded to a solar job exposure matrix to assign solar exposure status. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with age as the time scale and adjusted for potential confounders were used to estimate hazard ratios for each investigated relationship. Neither average daily time in thesun, intermittent and chronic solar exposure patterns, nor ambient UVR were found to have a statistically significant relationship with melanoma risk. Additionally, occupational solar exposure was not associated with risk of melanoma (HRadj = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.63-1.41). Although this study found typical time in the sun was only suggestive of increasing melanoma risk and occupational solar exposure was not associated with melanoma risk, the results align with existing literature. Understanding how different patterns of solar UVR exposure affect the risk of melanoma among Canadians can help inform on strategies aimed at targeting modifiable solar behaviors to reduce the burden of melanoma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".