Quantifying and managing Scope 3 (Travel) carbon emissions in a UK university
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: \nThe Higher Education Statistics Agency requires Higher Education Institutes to reporting their Scope 3 (Travel) carbon emissions effective from January 2015 to show leadership in carbon reporting perspectives. This research contribution is to new knowledge and management processes involves the designing and implementing a hybrid environmental management system(EMS) for Scope 3 (Travel) carbon emissions accountability, developing new quantification tools and reporting by adopting Global Reporting Initiative G4, using Nottingham Trent University (NTU) as a collaborative case study. \n \nResearch Design and Methodology: \nThe research design methodology evaluates NTU’s EMS using qualitative to quantitative semi structured SWOT and mRating evaluation questionnaires. Developing a Scope 3 (Travel) carbon quantification tool using data derived from a travel survey of NTU’s staff and students and travel data of overseas students and business travel. Determining a UniCarbon travel sustainability index as a key performance indicator for reporting purposes. \n \nFindings: \nSWOT and mRating empirical values computations provided the basis for the development and implementation of a new hybrid EMS particular to NTU. The total amount of Scope 3 (Travel) carbon emissions were: staff and student commute (6,656MtCO2e), business travel (2,674MtCO2e) and overseas students (42,312MtCO2e). NTU’s Scope 3 (Travel) carbon emissions performance index is 0.49, indicating partial emissions sustainability. \n \nContribution to new management practices and new knowledge: \nThis research contribution to new management processes providing frameworks for an efficient adoption of EMS practices for Scope 3 (Travel) carbon emissions accountability. The development of quantification tools, enables benchmarking and implementing emissions abatement policies to meeting the HE Sector’s 2020 emissions targets of 43% of the base year 2005. The UniCarbon index offers a summative reporting empirical measurement of travel sustainability reporting, enabling comparisons for use within the HE Sector that also could be replicated to other industry sectors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".