Thermostability of cassava linamarase
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a major staple crop for an estimated 700 million people worldwide.Cassava tubers are high in carbohydrates;; however, they are an insufficient source of iron, zinc, vitamin A and protein.Additionally, the presence of anti-nutrients, namely cyanogenic glycosides (linamarin 95% and lotasutralin 5%) is an important factor that restricts the consumption of cassava.Cyanogenic glycosides can be hydrolyzed by the endogenous cell wall enzyme linamarase to yield acetone cyanohydrin (which spontaneously breaks down into hydrogen cyanide (HCN) at temperatures above 30°C) and free cyanide.Increasing the breakdown of linamarin into the volatile byproducts by linamarase can reduce the toxicity of cassava.Linamarase is quickly inactivated at high temperatures.Processing methods such as oven drying and boiling, that use high temperatures might reduce the efficiency of the detoxification process and increase the cyanide load in the processed cassava product.The production of High Quality Cassava Flour (HQCF) is an emerging non-traditional use of cassava that employs high temperatures and forgoes fermentation completely.The objective of this study was to investigate thermal stability of linamarase over a temperature range of 35-75°C.Linamrase exhibited highest activity at 45°C and was inactivated at 75°C.Experimental data was fitted by the Arrhenius equation.Two distinct thermal stabilities were present in the Arrhenius plot.iii RÉSUMÉ Le manioc est un aliment de base pour environ 700 million personnes dans le monde.Il s'agit d'un aliment très riche en carbohydrates qui s'avère cependant faible en fer, zinc, vitamine A et en protéines.En outre, la presence d'antinutriments, et particulièrement, les glycosides cyanogeniques, en limitent la consommation dans le monde.Cependant l'enzyme linamarase transforme les glycosides cyanogeniques en acétonecyanhydrine et en acide cyanhydrique.Ainsi, plusieurs procédés de transformation alimentaire sont utilisés pour reduire la toxicité du manioc.Ces procédés de transformation exigent toutefois des températures élevées qui peuvent réduire l'efficacité des procédés de detoxification, le linamarase est par exemple rapidement inactivé à des températures élevées.La production du 'High Quality Cassava Flour' (HQCF), un usage non-traditionnel du manioc, utilise des temperatures élevées.Ce projet a pour vocation d'étudier la stabilité thermique de linamarase sur une plage de temperature allant de 35-75°C.Nous trouvons ainsi que le linamarase était rapidement inactivée a des temperatures supérieures à 75°C.D'autre part, les données expérimentales ont été ajusté par l'équation d'Arrhenius et deux stabilités thermiques disntinctes étaient présentes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".