Usability of Textile Reinforced Concrete: Structural Performance, Durability and Sustainability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is an innovative high performance composite material consisting of open multi-axial textiles embedded in a fine-grained concrete matrix. Despite the fact that TRC-based research has revealed many promising attributes, it has yet to reach its recognition due to a lack of available design tools, standards and long-term behaviour. To be able to reach this next stage, consistent test methods and reliable models need to be established to reduce uncertainty and the need for individual and extensive experimental studies. This thesis aims to investigate structural performance, durability and sustainability aspects of TRC for its usability in the built environment. The structural performance was experimentally and analytically evaluated for the individual material constituents, material interaction, as well as global TRC components. The linking of the structural performance of these various levels was investigated by means of non-linear finite element analysis (FEA). The durability of TRC was characterized according to the influence of accelerated ageing based on alkali resistance on the structural performance of textile reinforcement. Furthermore, the environmental sustainability of TRC was evaluated in comparison to conventional RC using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).The experimental quantification of the structural performance on the material and interaction levels was found to be decisive to understand the composite behaviour. In general, the bond behaviour in TRC has been identified as a critical feature affecting the global behaviour. Particularly for carbon textiles, the bond behaviour needs to be improved; an enhancement of the load bearing behaviour was successfully observed using surface coatings, short fibres, and high performance concrete. Linking the experimental data from the material and interaction levels to the global level in FEA led to promising results such that further insight on the actual failure behaviour could be gained. The accelerated testing was generally too aggressive for textiles made of basalt and AR-glass leading to extensive degradation; however, carbon textiles were found to be a promising alternative as they have superior durability properties in an alkaline environment without undergoing any strength loss. Through accelerated testing, it was found that the exposure time, temperature and test solution need to be material specific. The applied sizing or coating on the textiles also had a considerable influence on the extent of degradation. Based on the conducted LCA, the reduction of the concrete cover in a TRC panel significantly decreased its environmental impact compared to traditionally reinforced solutions. Ultimately, the experimental and modelling approaches developed in this work can be applied to further characterize the short- and long-term behaviour of TRC for the built environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".