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Record W7062850110

Vaccination au bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) et développement de maladies inflammatoires chroniques d’origine auto-immune et/ou métabolique

2022· dissertation· fr· W7062850110 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueEspaceINRS Institutional Digital Repository (Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique) · 2022
Typedissertation
Languagefr
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicAdaptive optics and wavefront sensing
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsVaccinationMeningococcal diseaseAntibacterial agentLung disease
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

<br>Contexte :</br> <br>
\nL’expérimentation animale démontre que la vaccination au bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) favorise une stimulation de l’immunité régulatrice et un changement de métabolisme cellulaire capable d’enrayer l’auto-immunité et l’hyperglycémie chronique. Ce vaccin pourrait donc potentiellement prévenir la survenue de sclérose en plaques (SEP) et de diabète. À ce jour, les études épidémiologiques n’ont pas montré d’association. Elles présentent toutefois des limites méthodologiques, ne distinguent pas les formes cliniques de SEP, et seul le diabète de type 1 dans l’enfance a été étudié.</br> <br>
\nObjectifs :</br> <br>
\nCe doctorat comprend trois articles visant respectivement à estimer l’association entre la vaccination au BCG et :
\n1) l’incidence de SEP considérant toutes les formes cliniques, puis la forme récurrente-rémittente ;
\n2) l’incidence de diabète de type 1 à l’adolescence ;
\n3) l’incidence des diabètes de type 1, 2, et auto-immun latent (LADA) à l’âge adulte. </br> <br>
\nMéthodes :</br> <br>
\nUne cohorte établie par jumelage de bases de données administratives, dont le registre provincial de vaccination au BCG, a été utilisée. Elle est composée de 400,611 personnes nées au Québec entre 1970 et 1974, suivies pour l’utilisation des services de santé jusqu’en 2014. Des algorithmes validés ont permis d’identifier les cas de SEP et diabète. Les remboursements de médicaments par l’assurance médicaments publique ont été utilisés pour distinguer les formes cliniques.</br> <br>
\nRésultats :</br> <br>
\nUn risque accru de SEP a été observé chez les sujets vaccinés au BCG lorsque toutes les formes cliniques étaient considérées, mais aucune association n’a été mise en évidence avec la forme la plus fréquente, la SEP récurrente-rémittente (article 1). </br> <br>La vaccination au BCG n’était pas associée au risque de diabète de type 1 à l’adolescence (article 2).</br> <br>
\nAucune association n’a été observée entre la vaccination au BCG et le diabète de type 1 survenant avant l’âge de 30 ans. Après cet âge, une association inverse a été estimée. Les sujets vaccinés présentaient un risque plus faible de diabète de type 2 à l’âge adulte, comparativement aux non-vaccinés. Pour le diabète LADA, un risque accru, imprécis dû au faible nombre de cas identifiés, a été observé chez les sujets vaccinés (article 3).</br> <br>
\nConclusions :</br> <br>
\nCes études populationnelles, palliant les limites méthodologiques des études antérieures, montrent des associations entre le BCG et la survenue de SEP et diabètes. Elles mettent en évidence la nécessité de préciser les formes cliniques dans les études futures et de reproduire ces résultats à partir de données ou de registres cliniques.</br> <br>Background:</br> <br>
\nAnimal experiments demonstrated that Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination promotes the stimulation of regulatory immunity and a change in cell metabolism able to suppress autoimmunity and chronic hyperglycemia. This vaccine may therefore potentially prevent the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) and diabetes. To date, epidemiological studies have not established associations. However, they had methodological limitations, did not distinguish between clinical forms of MS, and focused only on type 1 diabetes in childhood.</br> <br>
\nAims:</br> <br>
\nThis doctorate includes three articles, respectively aiming at estimating the associations between BCG vaccination and:
\n1) the incidence of MS considering all clinical forms, and then the relapsing-remitting phenotype;
\n2) the incidence of type 1 diabetes in adolescence;
\n3) the incidence of type 1, 2, and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).</br> <br>
\nMethods:</br> <br>
\nA cohort established by probabilistic linkage of administrative health databases, including the provincial BCG vaccination registry, was used. It included 400,611 people born in Quebec between 1970 and 1974, and followed up for their use of health services until 2014. Validated definitions were used to identify incident cases of MS and diabetes. Data on drug reimbursements by the public pharmaceutical insurance were used to distinguish clinical forms.
\nResults:</br> <br>
\nAn increased risk of MS was observed among BCG vaccinated subjects when all clinical forms were considered, but no association was found with the most common phenotype, relapsing-remitting MS (article 1).</br> <br> BCG vaccination was not associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in adolescence (Article 2).</br> <br>
\nNo association was observed between BCG vaccination and type 1 diabetes occurring before 30 years old. After this age, a protective association was estimated. BCG vaccinated subjects had a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood compared to unvaccinated subjects. For LADA, an increased risk, imprecise due to the small number of identified cases, was observed in vaccinated subjects (article 3). </br> <br> </br> <br>Conclusions:</br> <br>
\nThese population-based studies, overcoming the methodological limitations of previous studies, establish reliable associations between BCG and the onset of MS and diabetes. They highlight the need to specify clinical forms in future studies and to reproduce these results using clinical data or registers.</br>

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.006
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Scholarly communication, Research integrity
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.737
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0060.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0020.001
Scholarly communication0.0020.002
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0010.003
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.050
GPT teacher head0.345
Teacher spread0.295 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2022
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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