Delirium Following Cardiac Surgery: Incidence and Risk Factors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the incidence of and risk factors for delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In addition, the influence of different post-surgical intensive care unit (leU) environments on delirium incidence was also studied. A detailed clinical report form was created to collect pertinent data in order to determine the effect of pre-operative, intraoperative and postoperative variables on delirium. Our study identified several risk factors for an increased incidence of delirium: hypertension, preoperative statin use, coronary artery bypass graft (CABO) surgery, aortic valve surgery, advanced age, prolonged bypass time and lowest serum sodium value during surgery. Extubation in the OR was associated with a lower incidence of delirium. In our comparison of the different ICU environments, in the first cohort (environment #1), 19.2% of patients experienced at least one episode of delirium. In the second cohort (environment #2; enhanced by privacy, reduced noise, and natural light), the incidence was reduced to I 1.1 % (p = 0.0582). As the two cohorts had otherwise similar demographics and other perioperative characteristics, it is likely that the reduced incidence of delirium was attributable to the enhanced ICU environment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".