Loss and Reintegration: A Pilot Study of Transitions in Widowhood
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Widowhood is characterized by different phases of grief, loss of one’s identity, and changes in occupational participation and engagement, including social participation. Habits, roles and routines are also significantly affected. This study explored the transitions and process of reintegration in order to understand and increase awareness of the lived experiences of widowhood. Methodology: This was a qualitative phenomenological study inquiring about the lived experiences of widows through personal narratives using an occupational lens. Data were collected through individual, semi-structured interviews using a sample of convenience. Questions for the interviews were open-ended and based on existing literature from occupational therapy, psychology, psychiatry, sociology, death studies, public health, and gerontology. Content analyses of the data were conducted using Krueger’s long table method. Results: The study sample consisted of 13 participants from diverse backgrounds, aged thirty-seven to eighty-five years, and living in the United States and Canada. Results indicated spirituality, social support, children ages, role and occupational adaptations, and time to prepare facilitated transitions in widowhood. Personal, social, temporal, cultural, and physical contexts impacted the participants’ transitions and reintegration in distinct ways. Conclusion: Widowhood is a highly individualized experience with various contextual factors and occupational adaptations that facilitate reintegration and the reestablishment of a personal identity. This study has implications for occupational therapists to understand and provide direct services to assist women who are widowed with their transitions and improve their quality of life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".