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Record W7071045252

Recherche des biomarqueurs périphériques précoces de la démence chez des sujets a risque ayant un déficit cognitif mais non déments

2022· dissertation· fr· W7071045252 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueEspaceINRS Institutional Digital Repository (Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique) · 2022
Typedissertation
Languagefr
FieldMedicine
TopicDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMedical screeningAdult-onset Still's diseaseDiagnostic test
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Le vieillissement démographique pose un réel problème de santé publique due à l’incidence de plusieurs maladies liées à l’âge, notamment la démence. Selon l’Organisation mondiale de la santé, plus de 55 millions de personnes dans le monde sont atteintes de démences. Ce chiffre risque d’augmenter de façon importante dans les prochaines années en l’absence de mesures préventives et de thérapies efficaces. La maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) est la forme de démence la plus fréquente de démence avec 60 à 80% des cas. C'est une maladie neurodégénérative à évolution lente et discrète qui touche le cerveau et engendre une perte progressive de la mémoire. L’âge avancé et la présence de la forme E4 de l’apolipoprotéine E (APOE ε4) sont les principaux facteurs de risque de cette maladie. \nLe dépistage de la MA avec les techniques actuellement disponibles, notamment la neuroimagerie et la ponction lombaire, présente plusieurs inconvénients. L’imagerie cérébrale est coûteuse et peu sensible et la collecte du liquide céphalo-rachidien est invasive, pouvant difficilement être appliquée en routine. Par ailleurs, les personnes atteintes d’Alzheimer reçoivent souvent leur diagnostic à un stade trop avancé de la maladie. Ainsi, il est important d’établir rapidement le diagnostic car les troubles cognitifs deviennent irréversibles après l’apparition des symptômes et les traitements médicamenteux sont généralement inefficaces. \nL'objectif de notre projet est de démontrer la faisabilité de développer un test sanguin peu coûteux et non invasif pour la surveillance précoce de l’apparition et l’évolution de la MA. Dans cette perspective, notre étude vise à identifier des biomarqueurs au stade pré-clinique de la MA liés aux facteurs de risques majeurs de la maladie, notamment la présence du gène de susceptibilité APOE ε4. Ces marqueurs se trouveraient dans des particules nanométriques appelées vésicules extracellulaires, qui circulent entre la périphérie et le cerveau. \nPour conduire la recherche, une analyse approfondie a été effectuée sur des échantillons sanguins prélevés dans le cadre de l’Étude sur la santé et le vieillissement au Canada. La population étudiée regroupe des participants qui ne souffraient pas de démences au moment du recrutement mais qui ont développé la MA après 5 ans. La cohorte de cette étude offre une opportunité unique pour pouvoir identifier certains marqueurs périphériques précoces de la MA. \nNotre étude vise ainsi à établir un diagnostic précoce qui permettrait d’appliquer assez tôt les traitements ainsi que tous les conseils préconisés en matière de prévention et offrir aux patients l’opportunité d’une meilleure qualité de vie. Population ageing is a real public health problem due to the incidence of several age-related diseases, in particular dementia. According to the World Health Organization, more than 55 million people worldwide have dementia. This figure is likely to increase significantly in the coming years due to the lack of preventive measures and effective drug therapies. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia with 60 to 80% of cases. It is a slow and insidious progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects the brain and causes progressive loss of memory. Advanced age and the presence of the E4 form of apolipoprotein E (APOE ε4) are the main risk factors for this disease. \nThe techniques used for AD screening, including neuroimaging and lumbar puncture, has several drawbacks. Brain imaging is expensive and insensitive, and the collection of cerebrospinal fluid is invasive, difficult to perform routinely. In addition, patients are diagnosed at advanced stages of AD. Hence, it is important to establish the diagnosis as early as possible since cognitive impairment becomes irreversible after the first symptoms and treatments are then ineffective. \nThe aim of our project is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing an inexpensive, non-invasive blood test for the early monitoring of the onset and course of AD. In this perspective, our study aims to identify biomarkers at the preclinical stage of AD linked to major risk factors for the disease, especially the presence of the susceptibility gene APOE ε4. These markers are thought to be found in nanometric plasma lipid particles called "extracellular vesicles", that shuttle between the brain and the peripheral blood circulation. \nTo conduct the research, an in-depth analysis was performed on blood samples collected as part of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging. The study population includes participants who did not suffer from dementia at the time of recruitment but who developed AD 5 years later. This study cohort offers a unique opportunity to identify potential early peripheral markers of AD. \nOur study aims to establish an early diagnosis that could help to adapt the treatments more effectively in order to better stimulate the cognitive and memorization faculties as well as to monitor the disease progression. Patients will gain in comfort and will have the opportunity to anticipate and better manage the disease development.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.023
Threshold uncertainty score0.045

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0050.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.090
GPT teacher head0.392
Teacher spread0.301 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2022
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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