Bibliographic record
Abstract
The 18-month long global recession bottomed out in spring 2009 and the economy has been gradually heading towards recovery since \nsummer 2009. Following six consecutive quarters of negative growth, the UK economy emerged from its deepest and longest recession for \n60 years in the final quarter of 2009, with output growth of 0.3%. At UK level, the production and construction sectors saw the largest drop in output in absolute terms over the course of the recession, but the relatively large contribution that the service sector makes to the UK economy means that services made a greater contribution to the overall GDP decline. In the South East, business activity has shown sustained growth in recent months, largely driven by a strong increase in manufacturing output. The proportion of firms reporting improvement in the business climate also increased over the course of 2009. However, profit margins continue to be squeezed as sales fall, customers demand \nlower prices, and input costs increase. Smaller companies in the region have been hardest hit by the recession, particularly in the manufacturing, construction and distribution sectors. Smaller firms still face difficulties in accessing credit from banks. The volume of new orders has been increasing at its fastest rate for more than two years in the South East, as a positive signal of future growth. At the same time, following a large drop in business investment over the course of the recession, there are signs that investment is picking up amongst South East businesses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".