Transforming the Ontario Midwifery Education Program through social justice curriculum: a modified Delphi study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Social justice education aims for transformative, liberatory, democratic classrooms and curriculum. From inception, the Ontario Midwifery Education Program (OMEP) has included curriculum that reinforced key principles of Ontario midwifery, including informed choice, continuity of care and choice of birthplace. Despite the social justice underpinnings of these principles, the OMEP has not formally defined social justice in the context of midwifery education or formalized a social justice-based curriculum linked to the Canadian Midwifery Competencies (CMCs) set out by the Canadian Midwifery Regulators Council (CMRC). Methods: A modified Delphi design was utilized that involved focus groups, interviews, two rounds of surveys and a member checking session. Participants were recruited through purposeful and snowball sampling. Open coding was used to analyse qualitative data and identify themes, and quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Three key findings were elicited. First, qualitative data was used to articulate a definition of ‘social justice’ in the context of midwifery education based on the OMEP’s social justice values, goals, and actions. Second, 86 social justice-based elements (grouped in three thematic areas) and 32 social justice-related CMCs were identified which gave way to 26 corresponding learning outcomes and 6 program level learning outcomes. Third, it was noted that the thematic categories, ‘legal and economic structures’, and ‘policy and health service structures’, were not captured in any of the 32 CMCs suggesting the need for a paradigmatic shift in social justice education in midwifery. Conclusion: Recommendations to the OMEP are: 1. develop social justice curriculum using constructive alignment and social justice education pedagogies, 2. incorporate social justice curriculum throughout the program to be a global exemplar, and 3. add additional competencies to the existing CMRC’s roles-based framework to support structural competency education. Future work could involve the development of a Canadian midwifery education framework that centres social justice pedagogies and curriculum.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.024 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".