Virulence characterization of international collections of the wheat stripe rust pathogen, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wheat stripe rust (yellow rust [Yr]), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. \ntritici, is an economically important disease of wheat worldwide. Virulence \ninformation on P. striiformis f. sp. tritici populations is important to \nimplement effective disease control with resistant cultivars. In total, 235 P. \nstriiformis f. sp. tritici isolates from Algeria, Australia, Canada, Chile, \nChina, Hungary, Kenya, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Spain, Turkey, and Uzbekistan \nwere tested on 20 single Yr-gene lines and the 20 wheat genotypes \nthat are used to differentiate P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races in the United \nStates. The 235 isolates were identified as 129 virulence patterns on the \nsingle-gene lines and 169 virulence patterns on the U.S. differentials. \nVirulences to YrA, Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr25, YrUkn, Yr28, Yr31, \nYrExp2, Lemhi (Yr21), Paha (YrPa1, YrPa2, YrPa3), Druchamp (Yr3a, \nYrD, YrDru), Produra (YrPr1, YrPr2), Stephens (Yr3a, YrS, YrSte), Lee \n(Yr7, Yr22, Yr23), Fielder (Yr6, Yr20), Tyee (YrTye), Tres (YrTr1, YrTr2), \nExpress (YrExp1, YrExp2), Clement (Yr9, YrCle), and Compair (Yr8, Yr19) \nwere detected in all countries. At least 80% of the isolates were virulent on \nYrA, Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr17, YrUkn, Yr31, YrExp2, Yr21, Stephens (Yr3a, \nYrS, YrSte), Lee (Yr7, Yr22, Yr23), and Fielder (Yr6, Yr20). Virulences to Yr1, Yr9, Yr25, Yr27, Yr28, Heines VII (Yr2, YrHVII), Paha (YrPa1, YrPa2, \nYrPa3), Druchamp (Yr3a, YrD, YrDru), Produra (YrPr1, YrPr2), Yamhill \n(Yr2, Yr4a, YrYam), Tyee (YrTye), Tres (YrTr1, YrTr2), Hyak (Yr17, YrTye), \nExpress (YrExp1, YrExp2), Clement (Yr9, YrCle), and Compair (Yr8, Yr19) \nwere moderately frequent (>20 to <80%). Virulence to Yr10, Yr24, Yr32, \nYrSP, and Moro (Yr10, YrMor) was low (≤20%). Virulence to Moro was \nabsent in Algeria, Australia, Canada, Kenya, Russia, Spain, Turkey, and \nChina, but 5% of the Chinese isolates were virulent to Yr10. None of the \nisolates from Algeria, Canada, China, Kenya, Russia, and Spain was \nvirulent to Yr24; none of the isolates from Algeria, Australia, Canada, \nNepal, Russia, and Spain was virulent to Yr32; none of the isolates from Australia, \nCanada, Chile, Hungary, Kenya, Kenya, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, and \nSpain was virulent to YrSP; and none of the isolates from any country was \nvirulent to Yr5 and Yr15. Although the frequencies of virulence factors \nwere different, most of the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates from these countries \nshared common virulence factors. The virulences and their frequencies \nand distributions should be useful in breeding stripe-rust-resistant wheat \ncultivars and understanding the pathogen migration and evolution.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".