Efficacy assessment of Candida oleophila (strain O) and Pichia anomala (strain K) against major postharvest diseases of Citrus fruits in Morocco
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tr.vo yeasts, Candida oleophila (strain O) and Hchia anomala (strain K), were previously selected for their antagonistic activity against postharvest diseases on apples and pears.The objective of the study was to determine the efficacy of both antagonistic yeast's against wound postharvest pathogens of citrus fruits.The efficacy of both strains (applied at 10s, 106 and 108 CFU/ml) was assessed against Penicillium digi- tclunu and P. italicum inoculated a-fter one hour (at a concentration of 1Os, 106 and 107 spores/m1) on citrus varieties 'clementine' and 'valencia-late'.Fruits were incubated for one week at 24'C before measurement of lesion diameter.The protective levels rvere positively correlated with high concentration of antagonist and low concentration of pathogen.Flighest protective levels (from 73 to 1O0%) were detected with the appli- cation of strain O or strain K at 108 CFU/ml whatever the pathogen (applied at 1O5 spores/ml) and the citrus variety.The arrtagonistic activity of both strains was also dependent on the incubation period before pathogen inoculation.The protective level increased rvith time between application of the antagonist and inoculation of fungal spoles.Whatever th.e yeast strain (108 CFU/m1), the protective level exceed 7Oo/o w}len rvourrded oranges rvere inoculated with P. digitatum or P. italicum (both at 10c sporcs/ml) 12 hours after yeast treatment.These protective levels reached 100% when the irrcr-Lbatiolr period separating the antagonist application and the pathogenic inocuiation rvas 24 hoLrrs.On the other hand, high protective levels (< 80%) were also ob- servccl against the sour rot decay on citrus variety'clementine' caused by Geotichum cancliclttm inoculated at concentration of 106 spores/ml when strain O or strain K were applied at 10s CFU/ml 24 hours before pathogen.A1l these results support the poten- tial practical application of both strains against major postharvest pathogens on cit- rus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".