Corticosteroid injection versus platelet-rich plasma in the management of knee osteoarthritis: A comparative clinical study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder causing pain and disability. Intra-articular corticosteroid (CS) injections provide short-term relief, while plateletrich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a regenerative option with potentially longer benefits. Objective: To compare the efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid versus PRP injections in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A prospective randomized comparative study was conducted on 60 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grade II-III knee OA. Group A (n = 30) received a single intra-articular corticosteroid injection (triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg). Group B (n = 30) received three PRP injections at weekly intervals. Outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) at baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Results: Both groups showed significant pain reduction at 6 weeks. Group A improved from 7.2± 1.0 to 3.1±1.2, while Group B improved from 7.4±1.1 to 3.4±1.0 (p > 0.05). At 3 and 6 months, PRP maintained superior improvement (VAS 2.1±0.9; WOMAC 34.2±6.5) compared to corticosteroid (VAS 4.5±1.2; WOMAC 51.7±8.3) (p
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".