Attachment Styles, Facebook Addiction, Dissociation and Alexithymia in University Students; A Mediational Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Attachment theories of Bowlby (1969); and Ainsworth (1979) are broadly applied approaches for comprehending emotional attachment and dissociation, as well as alexithymia in people. These frameworks have also been used multiple times to explain social media addiction. However, aside from theoretical suggestions and recommendations, there was a lack of empirical studies on aforementioned subject. Therefore, the purpose of the current investigation was to examine the mediating role of alexithymia and dissociation in the relationship between attachment styles and Facebook addiction in university students of Pakistan. Furthermore, the study aimed to evaluate the association between attachments styles, alexithymia, dissociation and Facebook addiction. Methods: Purposive sampling technique was used bases on cross-sectional study design. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, Facebook Addiction Scale, Dissociative Experience Scale, and The Revised Adult Attachment Scale were applied using a survey method to a sample of 300 university students who used Facebook (Male, n= 162, female, n=148) with age range between 18 to 25 (M=22.43, SD=1.04) years from different universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. Results: The study findings revealed that secure attachment style was negatively related to alexithymia and Facebook addiction but it was positively associated with dissociation in university students. Furthermore, intimacy attachment style was negatively related to alexithymia but was positively associated with Facebook addiction and dissociation in university students. However, alexithymia was observed to be positively associated with dissociation in university students. Additionally, the results demonstrated that both alexithymia and dissociation partially mediated the relationship between secure attachment style and facebook addiction in university students. Mediation analysis suggested that secure attachment style was associated with higher level of Facebook addiction as dissociation and alexithymia enhanced the Facebook addiction in university students. Conclusions: This study’s results findings recommended that secure attachment style is negatively related to Facebook addiction and influence dissociation and alexithymia in the sample of university students.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".