Advancing Esophageal Disease Modeling: Microfluidic Platforms for Adult Tissue–Resident Stem Cell Culture and Differentiation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and aims: Classical organoid models of Barrett's esophagus (BE) lack accessible luminal surfaces, tissue depth and tractable stem cell and immune cell components. Herein, we aimed to seed adult tissue-resident stem cells (ASC) with advanced organ-on-a-chip (OOAC) microfluidics to provide a platform upon which to study the immunobiology of BE and associated high grade dysplasia (HGD). Methods: ASCs from BE and HGD and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) were obtained using methods analogous to ground-state stem cell culture and conditional reprogramming. ASC differentiation was achieved on Transwells and flexible OOAC with tissues examined by immunohistochemistry and single-cell RNA sequencing gene expression analysis. Monocytic cell line THP1 was utilized in transmigration experiments. Results: Monolayered ASCs exhibited colony formation, self-renewal and air-liquid interface-mediated differentiation resulting in 3D furrow formation, mucus production and cell types reflective of tissue of origin-foveolar, goblet, enterocyte-like. Levels of intestinal marker Trefoil Factor 3 were abundant in BE tissue, significantly lower in HGD and absent in GEJ. The gastric marker Gastrokine1 was only expressed in HGD- and GEJ-differentiated ASCs. Comparatively, tissues derived from OOAC displayed significantly enhanced villus-like structure, height, and prolonged survival (<19 days) when compared to Transwell-differentiated equivalents. Single-cell RNAseq analysis detected populations representative of stem cells, transit amplifying stem cells, early and late enterocytes, goblet and enteroendocrine cells and CXCL8 positive immunomodulatory cells in both systems. However, significantly higher levels of proliferating cells, terminal enterocyte-like, Goblet cells, and enteroendocrine-like cells were observed in BE-OOAC systems. THP1 cells were tracked under flow conditions in BE-OOAC and their transmigration through the endothelial layer was evident only in the presence of organoid tissue above. Conclusion: These findings showed that OOACs offer more physiologically relevant environments, promote deeper cellular differentiation, and increased cellular tractability when seeded as ASCs rather than classical organoid aggregates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".