A STUDY OF SELECTED MECHANISMS FOR THE COEXISTENCE OF DIAPTOMUS SPP. IN
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The following mechanisms have been suggested to explain the coexistence of different Diaptomus spccics: vertical segregation, seasonal separation, and size differences. Three species of Diaptomus (D. minutus, D. oregonends, and D. sanguineus, in o,rder of increasing size) occur in Clarke Lake, Ontario. D. mzhutus was vertically separated from D. sanguin-ercs, and there was a distinct size difference between the two. D. minutus and L). oregonensis showed different seasonal maxima and were separated by size diffcrcnces. D. sanguineus and D. oregonensis were scparatcd vertically and had different seasonal maxima. A combi-nation of two mechanisms allows cocxistcnce of each of the three Diuptomus species-pairs in Clarke Lake. INTRODUCTI.ON Most studies of congeneric, coexisting species have been concentrated on differ-ences rather than similarities in the use of a common environment (Hutchinson 1957a). The basis for such an approach has been stated by Hutchinson (1948, p. 239) : “closely allied species living together practically al-ways occupy slightly different niches or, in other words, have different tolerances and optima. ” Mayr (1963) suggests that the evolution of differences in overlapping spccics is likely, and Hutchinson ( 1959) has questioned how many diffcrenccs be-tween two species are necessary to prevent them from occupying the “same niche.” Three mechanisms for the coexistence of
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".