Factors Related to Long-Term Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment in Young Adult Ischemic Stroke
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Post-stroke cognitive impairment is common and a decisive prognostic factor. However, few studies have re-ported on post-stroke cognition in young adults, especially long-term cognition. This study was designed to investigate the influence of baseline factors, treatments, and functional outcome on the long-term cognitive outcome in young adults with ischemic stroke. Material/Methods: Consecutive patients aged 18–45 years between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2010, with a first-ever isch-emic stroke, were recruited for cognitive assessment by telephone from December 10 to December 31, 2013 using modified versions of “Telephone Instrument for Cognitive Status ” (TICS-m) scale. The relationship of cog-nitive impairment with baseline factors, treatments, and functional outcome were evaluated. Results: A total of 350 patients with an average age of 41.0±6.8 years (69.7 % males and 30.3 % females) were reviewed. The average follow-up period was 5.8±3.2 years, and cognitive impairment existed in 39.4 % of patients at fol-low-up. Stroke severity on admission, functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale, mRS>2) at discharge, left an-terior circulation syndrome, and stroke recurrence were markedly associated with post-stroke cognitive impair-ment (all P<0.01). Post-stroke cognition was also significantly related to mRS at follow-up (r=–0.563, P<0.001). Conclusions: Post-stroke cognition was related to functional outcome: hence, treatment directed toward reducing function-
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".