SOUTHERN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS December, 1971 INTERTEMPORAL ALLOCATION OF GROUND WATER IN THE CENTRAL OGALLALA FORMATION: An Application of a Multistage Sequential Decision Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A closed underground water supply whose annual THE STUDY AREA recharge is insignificant relative to its annual with-drawal is a stock resource subject to eventual economic exhaustion. Furthermore, it is a common The Central Ogallala Formation is an unconsoli-property resource because its users tap the same reser- dated aquifer underlying approximately 17,500 voir. Economists have expressed their concern over square miles of the land area between the Arkansas the intertemporal misallocation of such fugitive re- River on the north and the South Canadian River on sources, arising from a possible divergence between the south.1 The aquifer contains about 369 million social and private costs [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. While the acre-feet of water. It supplies practically all of the practical determination of the marginal social cost of water used for irrigation, industrial and municipal a ground water stock at different points in time is a purposes in the area. Irrigation is by far the largest formidable task, economists have suggested methods user of ground water. In 1965, an estimated 2.32 of evaluating ground water as a stock resource [5, 7, million acre-feet were pumped for irrigation in the 9]. The most complete and notable contribution is study area. The estimated volume used for industrial Burt's [4, 5] application of Bellman's multistage and municipal purposes in the same period was 0.10
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".