Bibliographic record
Abstract
B S T R A C T There is a need for research projects to provide scientific arguments favouring a greater implementation of tree-based intercropping (TBI) systems in Canada’s rural landscape. We tested the hypothesis that TBI increases the beta-diversity and stability of soil microbial communities compared to conventional monocropping (CM) systems. Soil from TBI research plots in St-Rémi (Québec) and Guelph (Ontario) were intensively sampled along 56-point grid patterns and compared to soil sampled in a similar manner in adjacent CM systems. Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were extracted from each sample, purified and methylated, and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography. The spatial heterogeneity (i.e., microbial beta-diversity) of whole PLFA profiles from each field were analyzed using multivariate statistical procedures (PCA and PERMDISP), and those of individual PLFAs were analyzed using Levene’s andMoses’ tests. Microbial beta-diversity, based on a measure of dispersion among PLFA profiles within each sampling grid, was significantly higher in the TBI than in the CM system at the St-Rémi site only. Multivariate multiple regression analyses failed to reveal any significant relationship between soil physico-chemical variables and shifts in soil PLFA profiles. We compared the concentrations of broad microbial groups in both cropping systems using Tukey’s test and found a higher incidence of arbuscular
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".