Canada’s Developing Book-Publishing Industry TOIVO ROHT To AN OUTSIDER, Canadian book publishing must seem
Bibliographic record
Abstract
very strange indeed. Aside from the fact that each of the two official languages in Canada-English and French-has its own distinct indus-try operating in different ways in separate markets, the kind of attention that was focused on Canadian publishers and Canadian publishing in re-cent years must have created an even more confusing picture than before. This article will attempt to examine the English-language segment of the industry with a view to understanding how it is possible, in a country as highly developed and sophisticated as Canada, to encounter the seem-ing anomaly of a book-publishing industry that in many ways still appears to be in its early stages of development. The 1960s was a decade of turmoil and rapid change throughout the world, particularly in the United States. Being so closely linked to its southern neighbor that many people feel-or even believe-the two countries are one, Canada shared the events (and in large measure, the effects) that washed over the United States during that turbulent period. Perhaps there were “regional ” differences between Canada and the United States, and certainly there was far less violence in Canada, but essentially the same characteristics governed the temper of the times: struggle for civil rights, desire to end the war, dissatisfaction with most institutions, and mobility which brought more people together in new and strange places. I t was a time of young people whose restlessness, incessant ques-tioning, nayvet6 and intensity colored everything. One other significant event distinguished Canada from the United States in the 1960s-in 1967 Canada celebrated its centennial as a con-federation. Unlike the US. Bicentennial in 1976, which largely seems to
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.018 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".