Northern Radar Systems Limited DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A Approved for Public Release Distribution Unlimited
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract; In support of the operation of the east coast High-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) systems, a continuous measurement of noise and interference data in the frequency band of 3-6 MHz was carried out at Cape Race, Newfoundland between August 1, 1998 and May 10, 2000. A procedure called the "minimum of median " was developed to estimate the noise factors from the measured data. The results of the estimation are presented in this report. This estimation showed that (a) nighttime noise power level could be as much as 24.1 dB above daytime noise level; (b) daytime noise level could be sustained for more than 10 hours during the summer, but only for about 6 hours during the winter. The estimated noise factor was then compared the CCIR noise factor for a quiet site [1]. From this comparison, we found that (a) the daytime noise power level could be as much as 6.08 dB lower than the corresponding CCIR noise level, and (b) the nighttime noise level could be as much as 6.72 dB higher than the corresponding CCIR noise level. The transitions from daytime to nighttime or from nighttime to daytime in the measured and CCIR noise data agreed mostly with each other. One exception was that, in the falls of both 1998 and 1999, the nighttime-to-daytime transition in the measured noise data was about two hours earlier. Resume Pour supporter les operations du radar decametrique ä onde de surface de la cote Est, des mesures continues de bruit et d'interferences dans la bände de frequence 3-6 MHz ont ete
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.795 | 0.758 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".