Attitudes Toward Homosexuals Among Students at a Canadian University 1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We exam ined attitudes toward hom osexuals am on g a broad selection of undergraduates (101 men, 98 women) attending a Canadian university, where a vast majority of the students are from working- or middle-class families of European descent. Attitudes toward gay men were more negative than attitudes toward lesbian s. Compared to Science or Business students, students in the faculties of Arts or Social Science had more positive attitudes toward gay men, and wom en were more positive than men. Attitudes toward gay m en also improved with tim e spent at college, but only for male students. Although attitu des toward lesbians im proved with tim e at college, they were not associated with students ’ gender or faculty of enrollm ent. Thus, a college education m ay prom ote a reduction in anti-hom osexual prejudice among young people, particularly among young men. Negative attitude s toward homose xuals are prevale nt in American and Ca-nadian socie ties (e.g., Herek & Glunt, 1993). Such attitude s can result in a lack of he lping behaviour (Tsang, 1994) or in malicious comments, other forms of verbal harassme nt, and outright physical viole nce toward homo-
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".