JOURNAL oF RESEARCH rN pERsONALrry 30,204_222 (1996) ARTICLE NO. OOI4 Anticipatory stress: The Relation of Locus of control, optimism, and Control Appraisals to Coping AND
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper examined the locus of control beliefs and optimism as predictors of control appraisals and coping associated with three diiferent anticipatory stressful situations (enr-ployment decisions, teacher bias, and natural disaster). The I 1 8 undergraduate participants completed measures of locus of control (Rotter I-E), optimism (Life orientation Test) and confol appraisals (Stress Appraisal Measure) 2 weeks prior to completing the Inventory of coping Schemas to report their coping strategies used in dealing with each stressor. Regression analyses indicated that optimism and locus of control were relatively inde-pendent predictors of control appraisals and that control appraisals were generalty better predictors of coping than either locus of control or optimism. As expected, somewhat different pattems of significant predictors were obtained for the three stressors. Results are discussed in terms of the congruence model of effective coping, which predicts relations among control appraisals and coping for various types of stressful situations. c) 1ee6 Academic Press. Inc. Evidence has accumulated indicating that various personality characteristics, such as locus of control and optimism, are related to how people cope with stress(e.g. Lefcourt, 1980; Scheier & carver, l9g7). For example, an o timistic ori-entation has been associated with increased problem-solving efforts (Scheier & carver, 1987; Scheier, weintraub, & Carver, l9g6), especially in controllable This article is based on a portion of a dissertation submitted by Edward J. peacock to the Graduate Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, in patial fulfillment of the requirements of the Doctor of Philosophy degree. The dissertation was supervised by the second author. The authors thank the editor and the anonymouus reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.040 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".