anomaly (117O) of atmospheric nitrate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. We report the first measurements of the oxygen isotope anomaly of atmospheric inorganic nitrate from the Arctic. Nitrate samples and complementary data were collected at Alert, Nunavut, Canada (82◦30 ′ N, 62◦19 ′ W) in spring 2004. Covering the polar sunrise period, characterized by the occurrence of severe boundary layer ozone depletion events (ODEs), our data show a significant correlation between the variations of atmospheric ozone (O3) mixing ratios and 117O of nitrate (117O(NO−3)). This relationship can be expressed as: 117O(NO−3)/ ‰ = (0.15±0.03)×O3/ (nmol mol−1)+(29.7±0.7), with R2=0.70(n=12), for 117O(NO−3) ranging between 29 and 35 ‰. We derive mass-balance equations from chemical reac-tions operating in the Arctic boundary layer, that describe the evolution of 117O(NO−3) as a function of the concentrations of reactive species and their isotopic characteristics. Changes in the relative importance of O3, RO2 and BrO in the oxida-tion of NO during ODEs, and the large isotope anomalies of O3 and BrO, are the driving force for the variability in the measured 117O(NO−3). BrONO2 hydrolysis is found to be a dominant source of nitrate in the Arctic boundary layer, in agreement with recent modeling studies. 1
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".