The Primary Hamster Kidney Cell Rabies Vaccine: Adaptation of Viral Strain, Production of Vaccine, and Pre- and Postexposure Treatment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The hamster kidney cell rabies vaccine was investigated as a substitute for classical ner-vous tissue rabies vaccine. The Beijing strain of fixed rabies virus was adapted to primary hamster kidney cells (PHKCs), and four types of rabies vaccine (plain, adju-vant, concentrated, and concentrated adjuvant vaccines) were developed for human use. The potencies of the vaccines met the requirements of the World Health Organiza-tion, and these vaccines elicited rather satisfactory antibody responses in volunteers. The postexposure use of vaccine was evaluated in 301 individuals, 97 of whom had been bitten by proven rabid animals. None of the individuals contracted rabies during the observation period. After several years of field trials with both pre- and postexposure vaccines, the evidence indicates that the PHKC rabies vaccines are effective and safe for human use. Rabies is a terrifying illness ending invariably in death. Fortunately, a prophylactic nervous tissue vaccine was introduced by Louis Pasteur. Many other nervous tissue vaccines have been developed, including Semple vaccine, which is still widely used all over the world today. However, after they are injected, some nervous tissue vaccines induce severe allergic encephalomyelitis with an incidence of 1:100-1:10,000 [1-3]. Although duck embryo vaccine and suckling mouse brain vaccine have been used with some success, these vaccines do not appear to be entirely devoid of risk [4, 5]. Preparation of purified high-titered virus suspensions from cell cultures has in-tensified the search for a more potent and safer rabies vaccine. The primary hamster kidney cell (PHKC) rabies vaccine has been investigated by Canadian [6], American [7], and Russian workers Received for publication January 18, 1982, and in revised
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".