Regional Ice‐Depth and Thickness in Phlegra Montes, Mars From Radar Characterization of Glacial Landsystems Using SHARAD
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Morphological analyses of Viscous Flow Features (VFFs) in the mid‐latitude regions of Mars have led to the hypothesis that these landforms are equivalent to debris‐covered glaciers. Phlegra Montes is a 1400‐km‐long mountain range in the northern mid‐latitudes that spans from 30° to 50°N, where there is an abundance of glacial landsystems thought to have a substantial amount of near‐surface ice. We identified eight VFFs that are detectable by the SHAllow RADar (SHARAD) and calculated their lag thickness, ice thickness, apparent ice depth, and volume. Phlegra Montes houses a minimum volume of ∼1.2 × 10 12 m 3 (with 8% uncertainty) of subsurface water–ice with supraglacial debris thicknesses on the order of 2–8 m across all study sites. We determine that these glaciers are composed of a material with and . We also report the first detection of a composite glacial system with undulating terraced topography detected by SHARAD. This detection consists of two subglacial terraces going from higher to lower topography. We also report the first detection of a perched or “hanging” valley glacier on the eastern flank of the mountain range.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".