Effects of early season temperature on adult life history traits of wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) and Bracon cephi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), is a long-standing and serious pest of wheat, Triticum aestivum Linnaeus (Poaceae), in the northern Great Plains region of North America. Over the last decade, research efforts have aimed to better understand C. cinctus population dynamics through the use of bioclimatic and phenology models, however, information is missing that is required to accurately parameterize a phenology model. In particular, the effects of early season weather conditions on C. cinctus and one of its primary natural enemies, Bracon cephi Gahan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are unknown. Our study investigated how cold early season temperatures that increase the time required for post-diapause development affect adult life history metrics (longevity, body size, lipid content, and female egg capacity) of C. cinctus and B. cephi through a series of laboratory assays using a thermal gradient plate to manipulate temperatures. We found that male C. cinctus adult longevity and lipid content decreased in response to prolonged post-diapause development time but that females were not affected. Conversely, B. cephi adult longevity (male and female) did not change under the same experimental conditions, suggesting that B. cephi is likely to stay in-sync with C. cinctus and remain as an important natural enemy. Altogether, this research increased our understanding of how early season temperatures affect C. cinctus life history parameters. This information can be used to parameterize a phenology model for C. cinctus that includes the contribution of B. cephi on its population dynamics and that could subsequently be used to forecast C. cinctus pest status population dynamics across its geographic host range.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".