Impact properties of unnotched Ti-6Al-4V subsize Charpy specimens with different microstructures and containing elemental tungsten inclusions fabricated by laser powder bed fusion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
: This study focuses on the impact properties of LPBF fabricated Ti-6Al-4V using room temperature instrumented Charpy testing on unnotched subsize specimens. The initiation and propagation energies of mill annealed (MA) and hot isostatic press (HIP) heat treated specimens were the subject of this investigation. The influence of porosity, surface roughness, and the presence of elemental tungsten inclusions were investigated as the main variables. Examination of the MA and HIP specimens revealed that porosity and surface roughness determine the fracture energy. The combination of metallography and X-ray tomography analysis indicated that the tungsten particles present in the samples had no influence on the measured impact energy. Statistical analysis indicated that the fracture initiation energy has a minor effect on the total absorbed energy and is independent of microstructure, porosity, and surface roughness. The total absorbed energy measured was correlated with different fracture propagation mechanisms, all based on micro-void nucleation. The condition of the specimen influenced the equivalent plastic strain to initiate failure; thus, an evolution of fracture initiation from tensile loading (free specimen surface) to a shear mechanism through the formation of an adiabatic shear band was demonstrated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".