Novel hexagonal mesoporous silica-based LaMnO3/MoOx-ZrO2 composite: An efficient visible-light driven photocatalyst for Rhodamine B degradatio
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, mesoporous LMMZHx catalysts with varying Si/Zr molar ratios were synthesized and evaluated for the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye under visible light irradiation. Structural and optical characterizations confirmed the successful incorporation of active metal oxides into the silica framework, preserving mesoporosity and enabling efficient light absorption with band gap energies ranging from 2.6 to 3.3 eV. Textural analyses showed that the Si/Zr ratio significantly affects surface area, pore volume, and pore size distribution, which are critical for catalytic activity. Photocatalytic tests demonstrated that the degradation efficiency strongly depends on both the Si/Zr molar ratio and solution pH, with LMMZH10 performing best in acidic media, while LMMZH20 and LMMZH5 were more effective under neutral and alkaline conditions, respectively. A quadratic model was developed to accurately predict the degradation efficiency, highlighting the importance of optimizing catalyst composition and operational parameters. These findings provide valuable insights for the design of effective photocatalysts for environmental pollutant removal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".