Effects of a 12-Week Chair-Based Exercise Program on Functional Fitness and Cognitive Function in Older Females
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aging is associated with declines in functional fitness and cognitive function, which may impact the quality of life in older adults. Developing a safe and active training program as an initial strategy is critical for the elderly population to maintain physical and mental well-being. PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week chair-based exercise intervention on functional fitness, cognitive function, and nutritional status in older female adults. METHODS: Thirty-six healthy female participants aged 55 to 80 years were randomly assigned to the exercise group (Ex, N=19; Age: 64±1 years; BMI: 24.7±0.8 kg/m²) or the control group (CTRL, N=17; Age: 66±1 years; BMI: 24.6±0.7 kg/m²). The Ex group participated in a structured chair-based exercise program twice per week, with each 60-minute session comprising a 10-minute warm-up (joint mobility and large muscle activities), a 35-minute progressive chair-based workout focusing on upper/lower limb muscular endurance using water bottles and body weight resistance, and a 15-minute stretching cooldown. The CTRL group received health education materials and maintained their usual lifestyle. The intervention was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). Assessments included body composition, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), exercise heart rate response, functional fitness (static balance, grip strength, cardiopulmonary fitness), and cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA). RESULTS: The chair-based exercise program effectively increased heart rate response compared to the control group, who followed self-directed activities based on health education materials (Ex: 1786 bpm x min vs. CTRL: 1346 bpm x min, p0.05). Functional fitness improved significantly in the Ex group, including static balance (+484% above CTRL, p=0.048) and cardiopulmonary fitness (+74.3% above CTRL, p=0.047), while grip strength showed a trend toward improvement (+134% above CTRL, p=0.063). Cognitive function, measured by MoCA, was significantly improved in the Ex group compared to the CTRL group (+1.49 score above CTRL, p=0.024). CONCLUSION: A 12-week chair-based exercise program featuring chair support to enhance stability and prevent falls during dynamic exercise significantly improved physical activity levels, functional fitness, and cognitive function in older females. The findings highlight its potential as a safe and effective intervention for healthy aging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".