Associations Between Handgrip Strength Asymmetry And Health Related Quality Of Life Among Canadian Adults: An Analysis Of The Canadian Health Measures Survey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Health related quality of life (HRQOL), a measure of perceived quality of health is significantly related to current and future health. Handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry is an aspect of muscle function that can be measured using handheld dynamometry. While several studies have examined relationships between HGS asymmetry and HRQOL, few have used nationally-representative data, and none have used Canadian data. The aim of this study, therefore, was to examine the association between HGS asymmetry and HRQOL in a nationally-representative sample of Canadian adults. Methods: A secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from cycles 5 and 6 (2016–17 and 2018–19) of the Canadian Health Measure Surveys (CHMS) dataset was performed for adults (aged 18–79 years). HGS asymmetry was calculated as the ratio between the maximum HGS scores for the strongest and weakest hands. HRQOL was measured using the Health Utility Index. Crude and covariate-adjusted logistic regression models were used to quantify the relationships between HGS asymmetry and HRQOL. Results: This study showed that HGS asymmetry was significantly associated with poor HRQOL in Canadian adults. Relative to individuals without asymmetry, adults with ≥21% asymmetry had 1.80 (95%CI: 1.26–2.56) greater odds for poor overall HRQOL after adjustment for covariates. In addition, adults with ≥21% HGS asymmetry had 3.29 (95%CI: 1.37–7.91) greater odds for poor mobility. Conclusions: These findings may be important for clinical screening and population health surveillance. We recommend that HGS asymmetry be included as a standard part of clinical practice and continue to be used in national health surveillance systems. Keywords: Hand grip strength, Grip strength, Hand grip asymmetry, Health related quality of life (HRQOL), Quality of life (QOL), Well-being, Health Utility Index (HUI), Canadian, Canada
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".