Clinical parameters associated with immunotherapy outcomes in metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lay abstract: We want to understand which subgroups of patients we treat respond well to immunotherapies. The use of anti-programmed death 1 (PD1) therapy cemiplimab has shown significant clinical benefit in patients with recurrent/ metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (R/M-cSCC), with durable responses seen in most patients. However, around 30% of patients do not benefit from the treatment, and there is a need to develop predictors of response and resistance to therapy. In this study we aimed to identify clinical parameters that predict response/resistance to therapy in a cohort of 88 R/M-cSCC patients treated with cemiplimab at three UK cancer centers. The results showed that patients with R/M-cSCC with a head and neck primary site had a significantly improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with other primary sites when treated with cemiplimab. The median OS and PFS were not reached for the entire cohort, and the 2-year OS rate was 60%. The overall response rate (ORR) was 60%, and 40% of patients developed immune-related toxicities of any CTCAE grade, while 13% developed grade 3 or above. The study concludes that cemiplimab treatment demonstrated significant clinical benefit with a manageable side effect profile, and future work should investigate the observed difference in survival outcomes based on primary site further.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".