SCREENING THE POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC TRICHODERMA ASPERELLUM M103 AND T. HARZIANUM M108 AGAINST GANODERMA BASAL STEM ROT DISEASE IN OIL PALM SEEDLINGS BY SEED COATING TECHNIQUE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ganoderma sp. causes serious disease, known as the Basal Stem Rot (BSR) to oil palm in Malaysia. Currentpractices for managing the BSR disease primarily involve sanitation measures, while the application offungicides is less cost-effective. The application of biocontrol agents, especially Trichoderma-based products,has been widely explored and shows great potential, although maintaining their population over an extendedperiod remains a challenge. Thus, the prospecting endophytic Trichoderma could be the new potentialbiocontrol agent against BSR disease. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of endophyticTrichoderma asperellum M103 and T. harzianum M108 against BSR disease by using a seed coating techniqueat the nursery stage. At the end of the study, both endophytic Trichoderma isolates M108 and M103 showedthe potential in suppressing the BSR disease at 67.78% and 71.11%, respectively of disease incidence (%DI),compared to the control at 87.78%. Overall, M103 demonstrated its effectiveness against BSR disease, assymptoms in inoculated oil palm seedlings appeared only after 4 months. Additionally, M103 achieved thelowest epidemic rate (ER) of 7.07 units month-1 and the smallest area under the disease progress curve(AUDPC) of 236.25 unit² over 11 months. These findings underscore the potential of endophytic Trichodermaas a viable biocontrol agent against BSR disease, offering a promising avenue for the sustainable diseasemanagement in oil palm cultivation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".