Functional outcomes of tibial medullary cancellous bone graft combined with allograft in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy: A retrospective cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the long-term outcomes of bone autograft versus tibial medullary cancellous bone graft combined with allograft as therapeutic interventions for medial compartment osteoarthritis associated with genu varum deformity. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO), receiving either an autogenous bone graft or a tibial medullary cancellous bone graft combined with an allograft. Clinical status was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Radiological parameters, including the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), and femorotibial angle (FTA), were measured preoperatively and at the 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: In total, 157 patients were included: 81 in Group A (autograft) and 76 in Group B (tibial medullary cancellous bone graft combined with allograft). No significant differences were observed between the groups in postoperative HKA, MPTA, and FTA values. However, VAS and WOMAC scores were significantly lower in the combined graft group. CONCLUSION: The use of a combined tibial medullary cancellous bone graft with allograft in MOWHTO is associated with improved functional outcomes at the 6-month follow-up, as evidenced by statistically significantly reduced VAS and WOMAC scores.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".