Optimizing Nursing Potential Within a Public Health Approach to Embrace Palliative Care
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Many Canadians do not receive adequate palliative care. Even though nine out of ten deaths in Canada are caused by chronic conditions, most Canadians do not receive a palliative approach to care early within their disease trajectory. Public health approaches to palliative care, specifically Compassionate Community and Compassionate City initiatives, have the potential to improve access to and quality of palliative care in Canada. Nurses have been strong partners in the development of many initiatives across Canada, yet there is no literature describing their role. Purpose: To describe and understand the different ways that nurses are engaged in the planning and implementation of Compassionate Community and City initiatives in Canada. Methods: The overarching methodology used to guide the design of this study was interpretive description (Thorne, 2025). Twelve one-on-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted on Zoom with ten registered nurses (n=10) and two non-nurse interdisciplinary team members (n=2) who are engaged in the planning and implementation of Compassionate Community and/or City initiatives across Canada. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Findings: The participants engaged in the planning and implementation of Compassionate Communities and Cities to support individuals who have poor access to palliative care. Nurses had three main roles in the planning and implementation of Compassionate Community and City initiatives in Canada, including: (1) catalysts who move initiatives forward, (2) health promoters who apply the health promotion principles to palliative care, and (2) bridges who form connections between community partners, researchers, and the healthcare system. The participants also discussed the importance of integrating the public health approach to palliative care into everyday nursing practice across the healthcare system. Conclusion: Nurses have a key role in facilitating and strengthening the spread of the Compassionate Community and City movement to improve the quality of life of individuals facing issues associated with chronic, progressive, and serious illness.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.019 | 0.016 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.015 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".