Bimodal Structural Evolution of the Mantle Lithosphere and Crust During Continental Shortening: Development of the Eurekan Orogen
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The enigmatic Eurekan Orogeny of northeastern Ellesmere Island in the Canadian arctic was formed as a result of mountain‐building processes in the Paleogene. In this work, we use numerical geodynamical experiments alongside regional geological interpretation to investigate the tectonic evolution of the Eurekan, and explore how shortening lithosphere is accommodated in the crust and mantle lithosphere (i.e., the sub‐crustal lithosphere). The experiments find a distinctly bimodal response of the lithosphere during shortening: the crust tends to form a complex structural geometry with a wide system of faults (of varying vergence) whereas the mantle lithosphere is characterized by a much simpler structural evolution, typically developing only one major thrust feature in our experiments. With enhanced mechanical decoupling between the crust and mantle lithosphere (due to a higher shortening rate or decreased lower crust viscosity) the crustal orogenic deformation extends more broadly and further from the main mantle thrust. The primary structural elements of the reference model are consistent with the mapped surface structure of the Eurekan orogeny. Namely, the observed thrust faults (e.g., Eurekan Frontal Thrust, Archer Fiord, Mount Rawlinson Faults) correspond to the localized deformation in the model orogenic deformation front, and the Hazen Stable Block may represent a fault‐bounded pop‐up core to the model orogen. The findings explain the intraplate nature of Eurekan deformation in that crustal shortening is transferred a far distance from the plate boundary and primary lithospheric suture. These results have generic implications for understanding the very different response of the shallow versus deep lithosphere during tectonic evolution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".