Association between mean corpuscular volume and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults: An 8-year cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Larger mean corpuscular volume (MCV) may indicate impaired oxygen and nutrient delivery to the brain, and could be associated with cognitive impairment, yet longitudinal evidence remains limited. This study investigated this association in community-dwelling older adults. This prospective cohort study (2011–2022) was from the Taiwan Initiative for Geriatric Epidemiological Research at baseline with four biennial follow-ups. Global cognition was assessed longitudinally using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Taiwanese version, and domain-specific cognition via a battery of neuropsychiatric tests. Red cell distribution width (RDW), hemoglobin, platelet, and vitamin B12 were also collected. Generalized linear mixed models were utilized to analyze the association between baseline MCV and cognition adjusting for covariates. A total of 530 non-demented participants (mean age 72.7 ± 5.3 years, range 65–89; 247 men and 283 women) were included. MCV was non-linearly associated with cognition. Larger baseline MCV (>93.0 fL) was significantly associated with poor memory (immediate free recall, delayed free recall, and delayed theme recall: β ˆ = −0.028 to −0.041) and attention (digit span forward: β ˆ = −0.028) over time, particularly in those with high platelet counts (> 230 × 10 3 /μL), high hemoglobin, and in men. A significant interaction between MCV and age on global cognition ( p interaction = 0.04) was observed. Elevated baseline MCV was associated with poor cognition, especially in memory and attention domains, over time. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm this temporal relationship.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".