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Record W7116399323 · doi:10.1038/s41523-025-00856-2

Novel treatment strategies and key research priorities for patients with breast cancer and central nervous system (CNS) metastases

2025· article· en· W7116399323 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

Venuenpj Breast Cancer · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicBrain Metastases and Treatment
Canadian institutionsUniversity of TorontoSunnybrook Health Science Centre
FundersBreast Cancer Research Foundation
KeywordsBreast cancerClinical trialCancerCentral nervous systemRadiation therapySystemic therapyTranslational research

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Despite improvements in surgical techniques, advances in delivery of radiation therapy, and development of therapies with central nervous system (CNS) activity, the presence of CNS metastases from breast cancer is frequently associated with a poor prognosis. In 2023, the leadership of the Breast International Group and National Cancer Institute's National Clinical Trials Network convened a CNS working group to identify key challenges and discuss ways that international collaborations could push forward progress in the field. This review reflects initial discussions of the working group and addresses (1) the possible role of screening for CNS metastases, (2) optimal sequencing of local and systemic therapies among patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive CNS metastases, (3) management of leptomeningeal disease, and (4) the importance of developing innovative clinical trials for treatment and prevention of CNS metastases across breast cancer subtypes that is informed by preclinical data/basic science, with seamless knowledge translation to allow for rapid clinical adoption.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.466
Threshold uncertainty score0.995

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.029
GPT teacher head0.330
Teacher spread0.302 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it