The Association Between Sleep Hygiene and Psychological Distress of Canadian Student-Athletes: The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Student-athletes often face challenges when managing academic, social, and athletic responsibilities, which can result in amplified stress levels and poor sleep. This study explored the relationships among sleep hygiene, sleep quality, and psychological distress among Canadian postsecondary student-athletes. Participants completed an online survey containing the Sleep Hygiene Index, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Among participants ( N = 115, 33% females, aged 21.6 ± 2.5 years), 31% accumulated ≤7 hr of sleep each night, and 46% showed signs of serious mental illness. A significant association between sleep hygiene and psychological distress was observed ( β = 0.81, 95% confidence interval [0.71, 0.91]), and sleep quality mediated this association. Results highlight the importance of including sleep in student-athlete mental health initiatives. Clinicians should emphasize the role of sleep when it comes to student-athlete mental health while acknowledging the broader demands of academic, athletic, and social life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".