Understanding barriers and identifying solutions for smoking cessation in primary care: survey results informed by an integrated knowledge translation approach in British Columbia, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This quality improvement project was designed to identify perceptions, knowledge and training needs of primary care providers (PCPs) in British Columbia regarding smoking cessation treatment with the intent to improve practices and identify feasible methods to mitigate barriers. METHODS: An integrated knowledge translation approach was used to design, implement and analyse a survey for primary care practitioners in the provincial context of British Columbia. The survey was divided into the four main sections: Demographic Information, Knowledge Assessment, Training Needs and Perception of Barriers. It was distributed through advertisement in e-newsletters for family physicians and nurse practitioners. It is aimed to evaluate and understand PCPs' perceptions of tobacco use disorder and smoking cessation treatment; confidence when providing tobacco use disorder and smoking cessation support and treatment; educational needs and desired supports and barriers to providing and accessing smoking cessation supports and resources. RESULTS: The survey garnered 198 complete responses from 154 family physicians and 44 nurse practitioners. Findings highlight a need for increased training and resources while exploring desired training content and methods of delivery. Time constraints were identified as the primary barrier to providing smoking cessation intervention, alongside lacking referral pathways, clinical services and support, and compensation. Respondents expressed a desire for 'cheat sheets' with information on smoking cessation resources and best practices, training and education on counselling techniques and vaping cessation guidance, and integrated clinical workflows. CONCLUSION: This project emphasises the need for an interdisciplinary approach to smoking cessation centred around integration of resources, training and policies into current workflows (such as electronic medical records or a centralised platform for information). Important gaps have been illuminated in the processes that support smoking cessation in primary care in British Columbia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".